玉树M_S7.1地震同震效应模拟与绝对重力检验     

谈洪波  申重阳  邢乐林  李辉  陈石 《中国地震》2013,29(1):116-123

利用玉树震后地质调查获取的地表破裂位移,参考余震精定位结论以及地震波和InSAR反演结果,构建了玉树Ms7.1地震发震断层模型.基于弹性-粘弹分层介质模型中平面矩形位错理论,考虑介质自重的影响,模拟了玉树地震同震形变和重力变化.图像显示,玉树绝对重力点刚好位于同震重力变化极值附近,变化量达到25.02 ×10-8 m·s-2.通过对震前重力变化以及对两台FG-5绝对重力仪的一致性进行讨论,认为实测玉树台27.2 ×10-8 m·s-2为同震重力变化,这与基于位错理论的同震模拟结果一致,是对位错理论近场变化的1次很好的验证.  相似文献   

华北时变重力场离散小波多尺度分解   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

刘芳  祝意青  陈石 《中国地震》2013,29(1):124-131

利用华北地区地震重力监测网的绝对重力与相对重力多期重复观测资料,处理获取不同时空尺度的华北区域重力场动态变化图像.利用二维小波分解技术,将不同场源深度异常进行了分离,并对不同时空尺度的重力变化给出了解释,提高了对华北地区重力场变化趋势的认识水平.在此基础上,通过对小波细节的功率谱分析,可以获得各阶小波变换逼近及小波细节分析图所对应的场源深度.研究结果表明,不同时空尺度的重力场变化对于深入认识华北地区潜在地震危险性具有一定的科学意义.  相似文献   

北斗卫星通信在强震动台网数据传输中的应用     

徐硕  崔建文  王暾  施伟华  韦海盛  周勇  卢爱军 《地震地磁观测与研究》2013,(5):258-265

北斗卫星系统是中国正在实施的自主研发、独立运行的卫星定位与通信系统.因其具有短报文通信功能,进行相应的软硬件开发,可以用于传输包括烈度在内的强震动台网观测数据.通过北斗卫星传输烈度速报的性能测试和在芦山7.0级大地震中的实际应用效果,对北斗卫星系统目前在强震动台网数据传输中的应用方式和效能进行介绍.  相似文献   

基于高灵敏度检波器数据的分频匹配滤波方法及其应用(英文)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

沈洪垒  田钢  石战结 《应用地球物理》2013,10(1):15-24

具有较高自然频率的高灵敏度检波器在采集数据时可以通过压制低频信号来相对提高高频能量,但这也造成了其低频响应差的问题,如果将高灵敏度数据与常规数据进行优势组合,就可以达到拓宽频带的目的。为此,本文提出分频段匹配滤波的方法,即在保持常规数据低频优势的前提下,对其高频端进行匹配滤波,实现不同频带范围内的优势互补,从而改善地震记录。通过引入不同主频的雷克子波模拟得到具有常规数据和高灵敏度数据特点的理论模型,论证了分频匹配滤波方法的可行性。在对野外单炮地震记录处理中发现,分频匹配滤波方法拓宽了地震记录的有效频带宽度,提高了地震记录的分辨率。  相似文献   

Perfectly matched layer-absorbing boundary condition for finite-element time-domain modeling of elastic wave equations   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Zhao Jian-Guo  Shi Rui-Qi 《应用地球物理》2013,10(3):323-336

The perfectly matched layer (PML) is a highly efficient absorbing boundary condition used for the numerical modeling of seismic wave equation. The article focuses on the application of this technique to finite-element time-domain numerical modeling of elastic wave equation. However, the finite-element time-domain scheme is based on the second-order wave equation in displacement formulation. Thus, the first-order PML in velocity-stress formulation cannot be directly applied to this scheme. In this article, we derive the finite-element matrix equations of second-order PML in displacement formulation, and accomplish the implementation of PML in finite-element time-domain modeling of elastic wave equation. The PML has an approximate zero reflection coefficients for bulk and surface waves in the finite-element modeling of P-SV and SH wave propagation in the 2D homogeneous elastic media. The numerical experiments using a two-layer model with irregular topography validate the efficiency of PML in the modeling of seismic wave propagation in geological models with complex structures and heterogeneous media.  相似文献   

Research on the imaging of concrete defect based on the pulse compression technique     

Li Chang-Zheng  Zhang Bi-Xing  Shi Fang-Fang  Xie Fu-Li 《应用地球物理》2013,10(3):337-348

When the synthetic aperture focusing technology (SAFT) is used for the detection of the concrete, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and detection depth are not satisfactory. Therefore, the application of SAFT is usually limited. In this paper, we propose an improved SAFT technique for the detection of concrete based on the pulse compression technique used in the Radar domain. The proposed method first transmits a linear frequency modulation (LFM) signal, and then compresses the echo signal using the matched filtering method, after which a compressed signal with a narrower main lobe and higher SNR is obtained. With our improved SAFT, the compressed signals are manipulated in the imaging process and the image contrast is improved. Results show that the SNR is improved and the imaging resolution is guaranteed compared with the conventional short-pulse method. From theoretical and experimental results, we show that the proposed method can suppress noise and improve imaging contrast, and can also be used to detect multiple defects in concrete.  相似文献   

Full‐scale shaking table test of a base‐isolated medical facility subjected to vertical motions     

Sachi Furukawa  Eiji Sato  Yundong Shi  Tracy Becker  Masayoshi Nakashima 《地震工程与结构动力学》2013,42(13):1931-1949

Base isolation is a well known technology that has been proven to reduce structural response to horizontal ground accelerations. However, vertical response still remains a topic of concern for base‐isolated buildings, perhaps more so than in fixed‐base buildings as isolation is often used when high performance is required. To investigate the effects of vertical response on building contents and nonstructural components, a series of full‐scale shaking table tests were conducted at the E‐Defense facility in Japan. A four‐story base‐isolated reinforced concrete building was outfitted as a medical facility with a wide variety of contents, and the behavior of the contents was observed. The rubber base isolation system was found to significantly amplify vertical accelerations in some cases. However, the damage caused by the vertical ground motions was not detrimental when peak vertical floor accelerations remained below 2 g with three exceptions: (1) small items placed on shelves slid or toppled; (2) objects jumped when placed on nonrigid furniture, which tended to increase the response; and (3) equipment with vertical eccentricities rocked and jumped. In these tests, all equipment and nonstructural components remained functional after shaking. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地中拐地区石炭-二叠纪火山岩特征及构造环境分析          下载免费PDF全文

孙国强  史基安  张顺存  陈吉  贾艳艳 《地质科学》2012,(4):993-1004

中拐地区位于准噶尔盆地西北缘,是在石炭纪-早二叠世挤压应力场作用下形成的宽缓鼻状古隆起。石炭-二叠纪火山岩是主要的含油层系之一,到目前为止已发现了多个油气藏和出油气点,显示出良好的勘探前景。根据系统、精细的地震资料解释,中拐地区在石炭-二叠纪时期主要存在4期构造运动,分别对应4个不整合面: 1)石炭系与二叠系之间; 2)二叠系佳木河组与下乌尔禾组之间; 3)二叠系下乌尔禾组与上乌尔禾组之间; 4)二叠系上乌尔禾组与三叠系百口泉组之间。通过对中拐地区石炭-二叠纪火山岩的全岩元素分析表明,该区域主要为中-酸性的安山岩、英安岩和流纹岩及火山角砾岩和凝灰岩为主,其中SiO₂的含量普遍较高,平均含量达到了67％,判定中拐地区的石炭-二叠纪火山岩喷发环境应位于岛弧体系的大陆内侧,在喷发过程中经历过陆壳的熔融作用。结合前人对周缘火山岩的研究,认为石炭-二叠纪时期中拐地区由岛弧环境逐渐进入陆内演化阶段,三叠纪开始进入稳定的沉积演化时期。  相似文献   

东准噶尔西缘晚古生代火山岩的锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素特征及构造意义          下载免费PDF全文

史基安  唐相路  张顺存  张宏福  肖燕 《地质科学》2012,(4):955-979

白碱沟和帐篷沟剖面位于东准噶尔西缘,出露有大量古生代火山岩,是研究东准噶尔古生代火山岩及构造演化的有利区域.本文利用LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年法和Hf同位素系统对该区中的玄武岩、玄武质安山岩、流纹岩、角斑岩以及少量的凝灰岩和正长斑岩进行了地质年代学研究,认为它们形成于早泥盆世至晚石炭世之间(400～307...  相似文献   

海拉尔-塔木察格盆地中部断陷带构造演化与富油构造带成因机制分析          下载免费PDF全文

孙永河  史盼盼  杨帆  袁红旗  杨勉 《地质科学》2012,(3):700-713

海拉尔盆地和塔木察格盆地分属于中国和蒙古国,构造上具有统一的构造背景和成盆演化过程。为了整体剖析海拉尔-塔木察格盆地构造演化过程及其对油气运聚成藏的控制作用,本文在明确成盆背景基础上,立足中部断陷带,系统研究了盆地的沉积充填结构、盆地的性质及其叠加演化过程,进而分析了不同演化阶段富油构造带的形成机制及构造演化对油气成藏的控制作用。研究表明,海塔盆地分别由铜钵庙组构成的残留盆地和由南屯组-青元岗组构成的被动裂陷盆地两种不同性质盆地叠加而成,被动裂陷盆地可进一步划分为4个演化阶段,即南一段下、中亚段构成的初始裂陷演化阶段、南一段上亚段-南二段构成的强裂陷演化阶段、大磨拐河组-伊敏组构成的断坳转化演化阶段以及青元岗组构成的坳陷演化阶段。初始裂陷阶段简单剪切走滑变形控制形成的掀斜隆起带,为下部油气系统即南一段下亚段和中亚段的有利勘探方向; 强裂陷阶段的纯剪切伸展变形控制形成的中央隆起带和中央背斜带,为中部油气系统即南一段上亚段和南二段的有利勘探方向; 断坳转化阶段伊二、三沉积晚期的纯剪切张扭变形控制断裂密集带的形成,并指示下部和中部油气系统的油气运聚成藏及富集部位; 伊二、三段末期及坳陷演化阶段的挤压反转变形主要控制了多类型反转构造带的形成,并指示上部次生油气系统即大磨拐河组的油气调整聚集成藏及富集部位。  相似文献